The sense of Jewish family names

 

Collected by Yehoshua Ra hamim Dufour
In particular, by means of Avraham Laredo's work on the names of the Jews of Morocco (Madrid 1978),
And of Ida Akerman-Tieder (author of " And you will tell your children) for German.

 

For Jewish first names, to see this link

 


To know us some the others


Miscellaneous and a single people


The Jewish names come from all the countries of the exile (Roman, Greek, araméen, Arabic, Berber, French, English, Spanish, German, Polish, Russian, Portuguese, etc.). Often one of these words enters the composition of multiple names, also, there are several sources which explain the same name.
They are names of objects, subject, plants, feelings, professions, symbols, food, animals, currencies, wishes, appreciation or contempt, moral, physical and physical characteristics, etc. Change was sometimes imposed, often chosen to facilitate adaptation.

One will not find in this list, because it does not put any problem:
-The uncountable city names (Toledano, Berliner, Moscowitz) or of evident places of different country, including Israel. The city names of Spain often date the eviction when the exiles wanted to keep sentimental link with their previous place.
-The biblical names (Abraham, Cohen, Lévi, Israel, David, Yerouchalmi) often accompanied with the name " son of " as Abrahamson, Abramovitch, Ben Avraham, etc.
-The names which are the pure and simple resumption of names or the current first names which are not Jewish (Sultana, Claire-Marie,Gracia), sometimes adopted by affection to a non-Jew, or by osmosis, or passed on simply by the filiation of not Jewish fathers while the mother is Jewish and the descendant is a Jew by consequence.

Would be needed another list for the modifications of names (the anti-Semites published phone books of the Jews which changed their name to disguise) and the other one lists names of the exile changed in Israeli names, often by sound analogy (Shimshelevitz become Ben Tsvi). 


  Some readers' questions on particular families:
1-origin of the name Delhom
2-that became the Jews left towards Quebec after the exile of Spain? How much are they at present? Did they keep their Spanish or Jewish names?
3-have you information about the Jews who lived in Chaouia's region, in Morocco?
4-where are the Spanish archives of the Jews which lived in the North of France when this region was integral part of the Spanish low Countries before 1650?

Thank you to answer with the number of the question in
Mail to: dufour@modia.org


 

 

Abbas: lion, in Arabic
Abecassis: of the tribe of Banu Alqassis to Yatrel, Arabia
Abensur: of Tsour, Tyr, in Lebanon
Abentsour: son of the Cliff, in Hebrew and Berber
Abergel: has a single foot, in Arabic
Abihsira: the father of the mat, in Arabic
Abirjel: has a single foot, in Arabic
Abitbol: drum, in Arabic
Abitboul: drum, in Arabic
Aboudaram: that of the dirham, the tax, in Arabic
Abouhatséira: the father of the mat, in Arabic
Aboulafia: father of the tranquillity, in Arabic
Abuzaglo: the man to the perch, in Arabic
Adahan: painter, in Arabic
Adler: eagle, in German
Afergan: of Aït Fergan, Oulad Outad, tribe of Aït Izdeg, Morocco
Afergan: of Ifergan, in Aït Ighmor's territory, in Oued Sous, Morocco
Aflalo : of Assif Afella N' Draa, in Mezguita, Oued Draa, Morocco
Aflalo: of Ksar Afelilou of Oulad Outad, tribe of Aït Izdeg in Morocco, in Berber
Aflalo : of Oulad Ifli in Tafilalet, Morocco
Akerman: farmer, in German
Albaz: of Elvas, Alemtejo's district in Portugal
Alcubbi: of Qubba, in Algeria, in Arabic
Alfasi: of Fés
Alkalaï:  of Qalate, near Fés
Allouche: lamb, in Arabic
Almosnino: the one that makes the tsédaqa, in Spanish
Altman: old man, in German
Amar: farmer, in Arabic
Amiel: people of G.d
Amsalam: the subdued, in Arabic
Amsalem: the subdued, in Arabic
Amzalag: manufacturer of necklace or ropes, in Arabic
Anqawa: neatness, in Arabic
Appelbaum: apple tree, in German
Arel: mountain of D.ieu, in Hebrew
Ariel: G.d's lion, in Hebrew
Arroyo: of Arroyo, province of Madrid, in Spanish
Asher: happiness, in Hebrew
Assabag: dry cleaner, in Arabic
Assaf: he added, in Hebrew
Assaraf: moneychanger, in Arabic
Assaraf: salesman of fritters, in Arabic
Assayag: jeweler, in Arabic
Assouline: family of Aït Tizgui N' Opasouline of the tribe of Glaoua, in the Atlas
Assouline: cliffs, in Berber
Atias: present, in Arabic
Attal: porter, in Arabic
Attali: porter, bearer of parcel, in Arabic
Avi: father of..., in Hebrew
Ayache: very alive, in Arabic
Azancot: gazelles, in Berber
Azancot:  of Aqa Izenkad, Ksar of Sektana, Oued Draa, Morocco. In Berber
Azancot:  Oulad Izenkad in the tribe of Ida Oultit, Sahal, Morocco
Azar : he helped, in Hebrew
Azoulai: good, in Berber
Azoulay:  of Tazoulaït, Braber, Morocco. In Berber
Bach: brook, in German
Baraq: flash of lighting, in Hebrew
Barmont: Frenchifying of Bloch
Bauer: farmer, in German
Baum: tree, in German
Braunschvig: city of Germany
Beer: bear, in German
Ben Abouzaglo: the man to the perch, in Arabic
Ben Amara: of Amara, on the Tiger, in Iraq
Ben Ami: son of my people, in Hebrew
Ben Amozeg: son of Berber
Ben Azoulay:  of Tazoulaït, Braber, Morocco. In Berber
Ben Botbol: drum, in Arabic
Ben chouchane: of Shushane, the former capital of Persia
Ben Dadoun : Oulad Doudoun of Ida Ou Blal, Sahara, Morocco. In Berber.
Ben Doudoun : Oulad Doudoun of Ida Ou Blal, Sahara, Morocco. In Berber.
Ben Elazar : he helped, in Hebrew
Ben Hamou : stepbrother, in Arabic
Ben Hayoun : Beni Hayoun in Ketaoua, Oued Draa, Morocco
Ben Hayoune: member of Beni Hayoun in the valley of Oued Chegg El Ard
Ben Maman: of Meaman, Orense's province, in Spanish
Benaflalo : of Assif Afella N' Draa, in Mezguita, Oued Draa, Morocco
Benamou : stepbrother, in Arabic
Benarola: son of the vision, in Arabic
Benarouche: salesman of cooked food, in Arabic
Benarroche: bitter, in Arabic
Benassayag: son of the jeweler, in Arabic
Benatar: son of the perfumer or the grocer, in Arabic
Benayache: very alive, in Arabic
Benayiche: son of the alive, in Arabic
Benchamoune: son of the big person, in Arabic
Benchimol : son of the name G.d ", in Hebrew
Benezra: son of the assistant, in Hebrew
Benezra: son of the help, in Hebrew
Benguigui: of Guig, in the tribe of Ghighia, Oued Tensift, Morocco
Benhamou: Aït Hamou, Oued Draa, in Dadès, Morocco. In Berber
Benhayon: Beni Ayoun in the valley of Oued Cgegg El Ard, in Berber
Benhayoun: Beni Ayoun in the valley of Oued Cgegg El Ard, in Berber
Benisti: you came, in Spanish
Benloulou: son of pearl, in Arabic
Benmelloul: of Igherm Meloul, Oued Draa, in Dadès, Morocco
Benmergui: of Mragha, the former capital of Aderbaïdjan, in Arabic
Benoliel: disabled person, in Arabic
Benporat: son of the fructueuse, in Hebrew
Bensimon: son of the one that was fulfillled, in Hebrew
Bensoussan: son of flower of lily, or the city of Chouchane
Benvenisti: you came, in Spanish
Benzaqén: son of the ancient, in Hebrew
Benzaqén: son of the old man, in Hebrew
Berdougo: bud, in Spanish
Berdugo: bud, shoot, in Spanish
Berg: mountain, in German
Berg: mountain, in German
Berliner: of Berlin, in German
Berman: man of the bear, in German
Bibas: that you live, in Spanish
Birenbaum: pepper, in Yiddish
Birnbaum: pear tree, in German
Bisror: bundle, in Arabic
Bitboul: drum, in Arabic
Blau: blue, in German
Blum: flower, in German
Botbol: drum, in Arabic
Boutboul: drum, in Arabic
Bouzaglo: the man to the perch, in Arabic
Braun: chestnut, in German
Bueno: good, in Spanish
Buzaglo: the man to the perch, in Arabic
Candil: lamp, in Arabic
Carmi: my vineyard, in Hebrew
Castel: castle, in Spanish
Castro: of Castro, city in numerous regions, Spain
Chaï: present, in Hebrew
Charbit: scepter, in Hebrew
Chemtov: reappointed name, in Hebrew
Chochana: flower of lily, in Hebrew
Chouqroune: red, in Arabic
Chouraqui: oriental, in Arabic
Chouriqui: oriental, in Arabic
Cohen Solal: sweet Cohen, in Arabic
Corcia : belt, in judeo-Arabic
Corcos: of Corcos, Léon's province, in Spanish
Corcos: of Corcos, Valladolid's province, in Spanish
Coriat: of Quriatain, near Mehedya, Tunisia
Dan: judgment, in Hebrew
Danane: judge, in Hebrew
Daninos: of Dogninos, Salamanca's province, in Spanish
Darmon: part of the tribe of Haouara, Morocco
Dreyfus: of Trier; or 3 feet, in German
Dror: freedom, in Hebrew
Dufour: holds the baker's oven
Duran: of the city of Oran, in Algeria
Echkol: cluster, in Hebrew
Eisen: iron, in German
Eisenberg: iron mountain, in German
Elbaz: of Elvas, Alemtejo's district in Portugal
Elbaz: falcon, in Arabic
Elcubi: of Quba, Baku's province in Transcaucasia
Elcubi: of Qubba, in Algeria, in Arabic
Elfasi: of Fes, in Arabic
Elgrabli: sifter, in Arabic
Eliyakim : G.d will establish, in Hebrew
Elkaim: constant, in Arabic
Elqayam: existing G.d, in Hebrew
Encaoua: neatness, in Arabic
Essabag: dry cleaner, in Arabic
Essayag: jeweler, in Arabic
Ezra: help in Hebrew
Falcon: falcon, in Arabic
Farb: colour, in German
Feld: field, in German
Freud: enjoyment, in German
Fried: peace, in German
Fuchs: fox, in German
Garzon: warmed up, in Spanish
Gelb: yellow, in German
Gold: gold, in German
Gompers, Gumprecht, etc.: brave in the fight, in German
Gour-Arié: lion cub, in Hebrew
Gozal: gazelle, in Arabic
Gozlan: gazelles, in Arabic
Gross: big, in German
Grune: green, in German
Grunewald: green forest, in German
Guigui: of Guig, in the tribe of Ghighia, Oued Tensift, Morocco
Gutt: good, in German
Haddad: smith, in Arabic
Halimi : of Ksar Hlim, Oued Ziz, Morocco
Hamou : father-in-law, in Arabic
Hamou: Aït Hamou, Oued Draa, in Dadès, Morocco. In Berber
Harroche: bitter, in Arabic
Hartman: hard man, in German
Hassan: benefactor, in Arabic
Hauffman: trader, in German
Haupt: leader, in German
Hayate: dressmaker, in Hebrew
Hazzan: treasurer of the community, bard, in araméen and Hebrew
Heim: house, in German
Herrera: of Herrera, Valencia's province, in Spanish
Hertz: heart, in German
Himmel: sky, in German
Hirsch: deer, in German
Hoff: yard, in German
Holts: wood, in German
Hopt: leader, in German
Ifergan: of Ifergan, in Aït Ighmor's territory, in Oued Sous, Morocco
Ifergan: hedge, in Berber
Kessous: decreased ( Cohen), in Arabic
Khalifa: substitute, in Arabic
Kirchen: cherry, in German
Klein: small, in German
Klop: to hit, in Yiddish
Kolh: coal, in German
Korcia : belt, in judeo-Arabic
Korn: cereal, in German
Korsia: belt, in judeo-Arabic
Kraut: cabbage, in German
Kuggel: sphere, in German
Kupfer: copper, in German
Lahad: for the glory, in Hebrew
Lancri: of Lancara, Lugo's province , Spain
Land: country, in German
Lari: contemporary, in Arabic
Lazar : he helped, in Hebrew
Limor: for me a flavor, in Hebrew
Loeb: lion (often lévi), in German
Loew: lion (often lévi), in German
Lugassi: of Lugas, Oviedo's province, Spain
Lumbroso: brilliant, in Spanish
Maalem: master, in Arabic
Mahler: painter, in German
Maman: of Meaman, Orense's province, Spain
Marcus: weighty measure, in Spanish
Masliah: the one that succeeds, in Hebrew
Méchoulam: complete, in Hebrew
Medina: State, in Hebrew
Medina: city, in Arabic
Meïr: he illuminates, in Hebrew
Melloul: white, in Berber
Melloul: of Igherm Meloul, Oued Draa, in Dadès, Morocco
Melloul: Aït Meloul, Oued Aït Tameldou, Morocco
Menahem : The comforter, in Hebrew
Mendil: apron, in Spanish
Messas : of Las Mesas, Cuenca's province, Spain
Meyer: he illuminates, in Hebrew
Mizrahi: oriental, in Hebrew
Montefiore: of Montefiore, Italy
Moreno: brown, in Spanish
Mortera: of Mortera, Santander's province, Spain
Mouyal: of Moya, Lugo's province, in Spanish
Nachchone: decided, in Hebrew
Nahmani: merciful, in Hebrew
Nahmias: G.d consoles, in Spanish
Nahmias: he will console, in Hebrew
Nahon or Naon: of Nahon, Oviedo's province, in Spanish
Nahoum: merciful, in Hebrew
Naïm: pleasant, in Hebrew
Najeri: of Najéra, Logrono's province, in Spanish
Nataf: flavor, in Hebrew
Are not in the list
Netanel: G.d gave, in Hebrew
Netanyahou: G.d gave, in Hebrew
Neuman: new man, in German
Noah: rest, in Hebrew
Ohana: of Bou Henna of Aït Ou Afella, Morocco
Ohayon: son of the alive, in Berber
Onona: son of the good, in Berber
Orli: light for me, in Hebrew
Ouaqnine: son of Jacob, in Berber
Ovadia: servant of G.d, in Hebrew
Pardo: of Pardo, Viscaya's province, Spain
Pariente: the ancient name of the current city of Badis, in Moroccan Rif
Pariente:  parent, in Spanish
Pinto: of Pinto, province of Huescaz or Madrid, Spain
Pinto: of Pinto, province of Madrid, in Spanish
Portal: of Portal, Lugo's province, in Spanish
Portal : gate, in Spanish
Puder: powder, in German
Qadoche: saint, in Hebrew
Rahamim: mercy, in Hebrew
Rebibo : son - in - law after remarriage, in Arabic
Reich: rich, in German
Reicht: straight ahead, in German
Rofe: doctor, in Hebrew
Roitman: red man, in German
Rosen: pink, in German
Rotchild: red signboard, in German
Roth: red, in German
Saada: happiness, in Arabic
Sabbag: dry cleaner, in Arabic
Sabbah: morning, in Arabic
Sadoun: fortunate, in Arabic
Sadoune: fortunate, in Arabic
Salama: peace, in Arabic
Samama: beurrier, in Arabic
Sasportas: of Saportas, ile of Mayorque in the Balearic Islands
Schliachter: chaliach , messenger, in German
Schneider: dressmaker, in German
Schreiber: scribe, in German
Schwartz: black, in German
Schwartzfuchs: black fox, in German
Semama: butter dish, in Arabic
Shul: school, in German
Singer: vocalist, in German
Sohn: son of, in German
Soncino: of Soncino, Italy
Soussan: flower of lily, in Arabic
Stein: stone, in German
Stern: star, in German
Suissa: of Suesa, Santander's province, Spain
Sultan: king, in Arabic
Suss: sweet food, in German
Tal: dew, in Hebrew
Tannenbaum: pine, in German
Tanougi: of Tangier
Thal: valley, in German
Timeztit: of Tamest or Tamast, formerly Massa, or in Touat, Morocco. in Berber
Toledano: of Tolède, Toledo's province, Spain
Tordjman: translator, in Hebrew and arameic
Touati : ethnic group of Touat, group of Oasis on south border Algérie-Maroc
Touboul: drum, in Arabic
Tov: good, in Hebrew
Tsadoq: just, in Hebrew
Tsipor: bird, in Hebrew
Tsour: cliff, in Hebrew
Tsucker: sugar, in German
Tsvi: gazelle, in Hebrew
Vidal, Vital: living, chayim, in Spanish
Wald: forest, in German
Waqnine: son of Jacob, in Berber
Warschawski: of Warsaw, in Polish
Weil: Lévi's anagram, in German
Weiss: white, in German
Wolf: wolf, in German
Zaltz: salt, in German
Zarfati: French
Zilber: silver, in German
Zilberman: man of the silver, in German
Zinger: vocalist, in German
Zuker: sugar, in German
Zweig: branch, in German